Surface fleets may be obsolete. From Andrew Korybko at korybko.com:

All major players’ naval planning will change as a result of what’s been learned from the past two years’ experiences in this conflict.
The Mainstream Media has hyped up Russia’s losses in the so-called “Battle of the Black Sea” as being purely the result of Ukrainian efforts, which are aimed at boosting morale as the conflict’s dynamics shift and Kiev is pushed back on the defense, especially after its defeat in Avdeevka last weekend. The statistic being bandied about nowadays is that a whopping one-third of Russia’s Black Sea fleet has been disabled, which amounts to 25 ships and one submarine, despite Ukrainian not having a navy.
Numerical disputes aside, the fact is that while Ukraine was the country directly carrying out these attacks, they wouldn’t have been possible without support from the Anglo-American Axis (AAA) that’s the one really waging NATO’s two-year-long proxy war on Russia through that former Soviet Republic. The drones and cruise missiles employed to this end are the result of those two’s technologies, whether in part or in whole, especially when it comes to satellite targeting and other related forms of intelligence.
The purpose behind this campaign is to inflict asymmetrical military costs on Russia via proxy means, and ships happen to be high-profile targets that are comparatively easier to hit than others. They’re usually stationary at the time of attack and can only be defended through a combination of anti-air systems and those newly created ones for destroying surface and underwater drones. The first can be distracted and overwhelmed while the second have yet to be perfected since they’ve only just recently been fielded.