Tag Archives: European Union

Geopolitics Will Trump Economics in Greece, by John Browne

This scenario certain has, even at this late date, a reasonable chance of playing out. From John Browne, at Euro Pacific Capital Inc., europac.com:

Based on the continued failure of the negotiating parties to make any substantive progress in the talks over Greek debt payments, the financial world is tied up in knots over a possible Greek exit from the European Union. The uncertainty has manifested in both high and low finance, with a sharp sell-off in bonds, particularly EU and Greek government debt, and heightened retail withdrawals from Greek banks as depositors become wary of capital controls that would be imposed in the case of an exit. All concerned parties should likely breathe easier. Despite Greece’s almost complete lack of financial integrity, neither NATO nor the EU can afford the political cost of a Greek exit from the EU.

The unacceptable specter lurking behind the EU negotiators is that, if Greece is shown the door by the EU, Russia or even China might step in to provide financing to Greece in return for a strategic foothold in Western Europe and gateway to the Eastern Mediterranean. This is a possibility that Europe cannot abide. In short, international political ramifications will trump any economic or financial issues.

As reported several months ago in this column, modern Greece has been used continuously by Europe as a bulwark against unwanted incursions. In the 1820s, Greek independence from Ottoman Turkey was financed and supported by Western powers as a way to contain and rollback Turkish influence in the Mediterranean. In the 20th Century, Greece became a key battleground of the Cold War, with the West expending considerable blood and treasure to ultimately keep socialist Greece from falling into the Soviet orbit.

Although the Greeks received countless sums from abroad, Greek governments have been notoriously feckless, and have been instrumental in ensuring their nation’s economic demise. By opting for generous socialist entitlements and blatantly anti-capitalist regulations, Greek governments decided to borrow irresponsibly to meet its obligations.

With the formation of the European Union (EU), strenuous efforts were made to include Greece to prevent the rise of Communism. This encouraged the surreptitious acceptance of untruthful economic statistics to facilitate Greek membership, both of the EU and the Eurozone.

Eurozone membership gave Greece access to vast amounts of cheap debt, offered largely under the false assumption that an early conclusion of a single political union would offer an implied EU guarantee for Greek debt. It was similar to investors assuming, erroneously, that the debt of Freddy Mac and Fannie Mae carried the ‘implied’ guarantee of the U.S. Government.

But, as was the case with Fannie and Freddy (whose collapse many believed would have plunged the U.S. into deep Depression), the political cost of failure was too great to accept. Therefore, the financial costs of technical failure had to be borne by citizens. In addition, over the past few years, much of the Greek debt has been transferred from EU banks to EU governments that have the much abused ability to pass the bad debt onto future generations of their citizens.

Likely aware of this, the Greek government has faced off repeatedly against some of the world’s most powerful politicians and central bankers, winning time and yielding little.

Even more importantly, when Greece’s socialist Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras faces Germany’s Chancellor Angela Merkel, he knows that she is acutely aware that any soft deals offered to Greece may be seen as a precedent encouraging Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain to push (even acting as a united block) for similarly favored treatment. Furthermore, any perceived increase in the prospect of a potential break-up of the EU might encourage voters in Great Britain, in the 2017 referendum, to vote to leave a sinking ship. A British exit could put an end to the European dream and place at risk trillions of dollars’ worth of European debt and even the Euro-currency itself.

In addition to these serious concerns, Merkel has one overriding fear. Should talks break down, Greece will likely go searching for other sources of funding. It may find many willing givers, all with strings attached. Russia may offer funding to Greece in return for a naval base. If not Russia, even China might attempt to offer a vast, soft funding rescue package in order to buy entry to the European and NATO landmass. It is no secret that China has a strong interest in taking over operations of the Port of Piraeus, one of the largest ports in the Mediterranean.

While Merkel and her supporting fellow EU leaders may talk tough to Greece’s leaders, they know it is politically unacceptable to allow a financial default to open the way to EU dissolution or the slightest possibility of a Russian or Chinese strategic incursion.

As a result, whatever the eventual financial costs to EU taxpayers of a Greek default, the political costs of a Greek exit are likely to be seen as unacceptable. Therefore, after much posturing, delays and threats, I believe that the chances of an actual Greek exit are far lower than are commonly believed. Most likely the EU will allow a covert Greek default, disguised for the time being by extended repayment schedules, bogus refinancing formulae and possible delayed haircuts as bonds mature. They may insist that such moves are not a technical default. Despite that absurdity, our obedient press corps may even concur with such a characterization, and investors may be so thrilled that a relief rally occurs in stocks and bonds. Extend and pretend will once again be the only acceptable manner to confront our intractable problems.

http://www.europac.com/commentaries/geopolitics_will_trump_economics_greece

LEAKED (Denied then Confirmed): ECB Not Sure If Greek Banks Can Open Monday, by Wolf Richter

The Greek financial crisis is approaching some sort of denouement. From Wolf Richter, at wolfstreet.com:

There seems to be a growing willingness in the Eurozone to get this over with, to let Greece default and go from there – with all the options that this might entail. But even if a last-minute bailout agreement materializes, one thing stands out in this sea of chaotic uncertainty: Greek banks are toast.

The top four – National Bank of Greece, Piraeus Bank, Alpha Bank, and Eurobank Ergasias – account for 91% of Greek banking assets. They’ve already been bailed out twice. Their shares are penny stocks. They have two toxic problems: liquidity and solvency. Either one can topple them.

Liquidity is a problem because the Greeks have zero trust in their banks and have been yanking their euros out with increasing desperation. They won’t ever forget what happened to depositors in Cyprus. Deposits have plunged about 20% since November, to €130 billion. According to Reuters, “banking sources” said that just during the first three days of this week, Greeks have pulled €2 billion from their accounts – about €667 million a day, compared to prior weeks when they’d withdrawn €200 to €300 million a day.

Meanwhile, funding from central banks has jumped to over €120 billion: €40 billion from the ECB directly; and €83 billion via the Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) through the Bank of Greece. Thus, deposits and central-bank funding are rapidly approaching a dreadful level: parity.

“There’s a real possibility they’ll fold, not just Greece but the banks themselves,” Fitch Managing Director James Longsdon told CNBC.

And ELA, the lifeblood of Greek banks, is conditioned on two things: available collateral and solvency.

As of mid-May, there was only about “€40 billion of potentially monetizeable collateral available,” Longsdon said. Some of which has been used up by now. So this won’t last much longer.

And if the ECB deems Greece itself insolvent, then it would likely deem the banks insolvent as well, and liquidity assistance will be turned off, Longsdon said. It would be over for the banks.

But even if Greece got bailed out at the last minute…

The banks are already insolvent – as the Greeks themselves know better than anyone else. Hence the deposit flight. Only balance-sheet sleight of hand is keeping it from seeping to the surface.

http://wolfstreet.com/2015/06/18/greek-banks-are-toast-leaked-denied-confirmed-ecb-not-sure-if-greek-banks-can-open-monday/

To continue reading: ECB Not Sure If Greek Banks Can Open Monday

Doomed Dinosaurs, by Robert Gore

One theory posits that a huge asteroid hit the earth and wiped out the dinosaurs. The standoff between Greece and the European Union is like a ground-zero battle between two of the prehistoric lizards an hour before impact. Ultimately, the outcome was irrelevant.

Greece represents many nations that believe they can live beyond their means forever. In its heyday, the European Union supported that fantasy, as capital markets homogenized credit quality perceptions across the region, enabling Greece to borrow at close to the lower rates charged historically less profligate countries. The common currency meant a common credit profile. That all blew up with the first Greek debt crisis in 2010. Ireland’s and southern European nations’ interest rates dramatically widened relative to those for northern European countries perceived as more fiscally sound.

Spreads eventually narrowed, although widely acclaimed austerity packages and reforms were puny compared to the debt expansions that preceded them. The European Central Bank (ECB) pledged to buy sovereign bonds and suppress interest rates, driving the prices of most European debt and equities higher. The perpetual deficit fantasy was intact, and the widespread belief was that any incidental problems could be solved by the ECB and European Commission. Neither a second Greek debt crisis nor a Cyprian banking crisis put much of a dent in overall optimism, although some tough love was administered, requiring Greek bond owners to take a haircut and Cypriot depositors to “bail-in” for bank rescues, in effect losing some of their deposits to involuntary confiscation.

Comes the third debt crisis and Greece has reached the end of its rope, out of money, its access to credit limited to the ECB’s emergency liquidity assistance covering its banks’ depositors’ withdrawals, which are morphing into a systemic bank run. Greece’s dire straits are obvious. What is not generally recognized is that the European Commission and the ECB are also at the ends of their ropes, regardless of how the Greek situation resolves.

Europe has been statist to its core since the Roman Empire. Most Europeans believe, with the simplicity of religious faith, that government properly is the preeminent institution, and should do whatever is necessary to order society. The notion of governments limited by individuals’ rights is faintly disreputable. Given the history of Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire, the faith should have been questioned, and was, but only by a few. Some of the intellectual forefathers of the American revolution were European, but they were better received in the New World than the Old.

After history’s two bloodiest wars and the totalitarian nightmares of Nazi Germany and the USSR, there was no widespread revulsion against the idea that governments, and the elites that run them, know best. While the EU was sold as a free trade zone, nations with long traditions of statism were never going to amalgamate into anything but a command-and-control statist union. Had it confined its aspirations to a simple free trade zone, the continent has innumerable economic advantages: a well-educated work force, a US defense shield that enables its countries to spend comparatively little on their own defense, world-class companies, a domestic market roughly the size of the US’s, and a wide variety of competitive goods and services suitable for export markets. Instead, those advantages have been squandered. The EU has superimposed governing bodies that do what such bodies always do—expand their power, impose taxes, spend money, and promulgate rules and regulations—as they tie up Europe’s economy with Lilliputian strings.

European growth has been abysmal for at least two decades, and unemployment rates in southern Europe approach those of the US during the Great Depression, with rates for the young above 50 percent. Their legitimate aspirations for economic betterment stymied and stifled, the populace is bought off with the world’s most generous welfare state benefits, funded in part by punishing taxes and in part by mounting debt. Everything save opportunity has been guaranteed, cradle to grave.

Of course no governing body worth its salt can be without a central bank, and the EU has the ECB. Instead of relegating command and control to the historical dustbin where it belongs, allowing Europeans to rediscover the joys of capitalism, saving, investing, production, voluntary exchange, and keeping their own money, the EU and ECB have gone all in on the voodoo economics of quantitative easing and interest rate suppression. It will work there no better than it has in the US and Japan, and judging by the recent lurch in European bond yields, markets are catching on: Greece is a leading edge, not an exception.

In other words, between welfare state spending, onerous taxes, stifling regulation, and debt, the supra-governing state of the EU and member state governments have dug themselves into a fiscal hole from which they cannot get out, and creditors are starting to demand compensation for the risk. Not even stepped up buying of sovereign debt by the ECB has stopped the market from marking up the yield on 10-year German debt from a low of five basis points (5/100s of a percentage point) to 84 basis points last Friday in the span of a few weeks. The slaughter of speculators, who had front-run the central bank while taking advantage of its ultra-cheap money, has been spectacular and well-deserved.

The victor in the “battle” between the government of Greece and the government of the EU will prove to be mostly a matter of paleontologic interest. Future scientists will exhume the fossils of Brusselis Stranguladactyl and Hellenica Profligatus and conclude both species were done in by their parasitism, ever-expanding consumption at the expense of production, rigid, unwieldy command-and-control exoskeletons, and their inability to adapt to the global forces of decentralization and individual empowerment. Moving on, they will ascribe the same causes of extinction to Washatops Bloatosaurus, Tokyodon Wasticus and a slew of other government species.

WHEN WAS THE LAST TIME YOU READ A 786-PAGE NOVEL YOU DIDN’T WANT TO END?

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Germany, France Call for Fiscal and Political Union. Public Ignorance Vital for Success of EU Power Grab, by Don Quijones

The Europeans set up a supranational government for the EU, which has steadily expanded its powers at the expense of the individual countries and continues to do so. Who knew? Well, anyone who knows anything about governments. From Don Quijones at wolfstreet.com:

Since Europe’s sovereign debt problems exploded onto the scene in 2010 the European Union has masterfully exploited the crisis to strengthen its grip over the old continent. It has stripped once-proud, independent nations of the last vestiges of their economic sovereignty. It has also pulled off the long-cherished dream of banking union, which was quietly consummated last fall.

Now, with the help of Berlin and Paris, it is looking to complete the coup. And this time not in the shadows, but in broad daylight.

The first move was to prep the masses. In an article published in The Guardian, Emmanuel Macron, France’s Minister of the Economy, and Sigmar Gabriel, the German Vice-Chancellor, outlined the broad strokes of the plan, calling for greater fiscal and social harmonization in the Eurozone while conceding that other EU countries like Britain should be allowed to settle for a less integrated Union based on the single market — at least temporarily:

Our common goal is to render it unthinkable for any country in pursuit of its national interest to consider a future without Europe (meaning, one assumes the EU) – or within a lesser union.

Straightening A Crooked Brussels

“The euro was built on a Franco-German understanding but also on a typically European compromise,” they write. “This gives France and Germany a particular responsibility to straighten what is crooked” — an eminently fitting phrase.

“A new, staged process of convergence is needed,” the authors add. This would involve not only structural reforms (labor, business and the environment) and institutional reforms (functioning of economic governance) but also social and tax convergence – all in the name of addressing the “critical flaws in the architecture of monetary union.”

What Macron and Gabriel fail to mention is that those same critical flaws were an intended part of the euro’s design from the get-go. The goal was always to crush national sovereignty – and more specifically monetary sovereignty – as a vital stepping stone to attain full-on political union, as the German Prime Minister Joschka Fischer publicly admitted just days after the introduction of the euro in 1999:

The introduction of a common currency is not primarily an economic, but rather a sovereign and thus eminently political act…political union must be our lodestar from now on: it is the logical follow-on from Economic and Monetary Union.

In other words, while euroskeptics in the UK and elsewhere were publicly ridiculed for daring to even suggest that the European project might pose a threat to national sovereignty, European heads of state were publicly – indeed proudly – conceding as much. As Patrick Allen writes, Machiavelli himself would have been proud of the euro’s founding fathers. “They pushed through a policy against considerable opposition aimed at achieving a result that was not about economic union.”

http://wolfstreet.com/2015/06/06/germany-france-call-for-fiscal-and-political-union-public-ignorance-vital-for-success-of-eu-power-grab/

To continue reading: Germany, France, Call for Fiscal and Political Union

Pray For Graccident—–It Will Trigger The Demise Of The ECB And The World’s Toxic Regime Of Keynesian Central Banking, by David Stockman

Are we witnessing the last days of the EU and ECB? We can only hope, since this failure waiting to happen was supposed to be the template for supranational one world government. From David Stockman, at davidstockmanscontracorner.com:

It is not surprising that in a few short months Yanis Varoufakis has proven himself to be a thoroughgoing Keynesian statist. After all, what would you expect from an economics PhD who co-authored books with Jamie Galbraith? The latter never saw an economic malady that could not be cured with bigger deficits, prodigious printing press “stimulus” and ever more intrusive state intervention and redistribution.

In what is apparently a last desperate game theory ploy, however, Varoufakis has done his countrymen, Europe and the world a favor. By informing his Brussels paymasters that they must continue to subsidize his bankrupt Greek state because it is the only way to preserve the European Project and vouchsafe the Euro, the Greek Finance minister blurted out the truth of the matter, albeit perhaps not intentionally:

“It would be a disaster for everyone involved, it would be a disaster primarily for the Greek social economy, but it would also be the beginning of the end for the common currency project in Europe,” he said.

“Whatever some analysts are saying about firewalls, these firewalls won’t last long once you put and infuse into people’s minds, into investors’ minds, that the eurozone is not indivisible,” he added.

He sure got that right. People who believe in democracy and economic liberty anywhere in the world should pray for a Graccident. During the next several weeks, when $1.8 billion in IMF loans come due that Greece cannot possibly pay, there will occur a glorious moment of irony for Syriza.

If it holds firm to its leftwing statist agenda and takes Greek democracy back from the clutches of the EU/IMF apparatchiks, Syriza will strike a blow for democracy and capitalism in one great historic volte-face. That is to say, defiance of the Germans and the troika would amount to a modern monetary Marathon; it would trigger a thundering collapse of the ECB and the cancerous superstate regime built upon it in Frankfurt and Brussels—–and, along with it, cast a mortal blow upon the worldwide Keynesian central banking regime, too.

http://davidstockmanscontracorner.com/praying-for-graccident-would-trigger-demise-of-the-ecb-and-the-toxic-regime-of-keynesian-central-banking/

To continue reading: Pray for Graccident

Greek defiance mounts as Alexis Tsipras turns to Russia and China, By Ambrose Evans-Pritchard

The Greek debt situation is one of the world’s more enthralling soap operas. Here is a fairly straightforward analysis that manages to take all sides into account, from Ambrose  Evans-Pritchard, telegraph.co.uk:

Alexis Tspiras is playing an escalating game of brinkmanship, trying to force Europe to give ground or risk a chain-reaction that could cripple the EU

Two months of EU bluster and reproof have failed to cow Greece. It is becoming clear that Europe’s creditor powers have misjudged the nature of the Greek crisis and can no longer avoid facing the Morton’s Fork in front of them.

Any deal that goes far enough to assuage Greece’s justly-aggrieved people must automatically blow apart the austerity settlement already fraying in the rest of southern Europe. The necessary concessions would embolden populist defiance in Spain, Portugal and Italy, and bring German euroscepticism to the boil.

Emotional consent for monetary union is ebbing dangerously in Bavaria and most of eastern Germany, even if formulaic surveys do not fully catch the strength of the undercurrents.

This week’s resignation of Bavarian MP Peter Gauweiler over Greece’s bail-out extension can, of course, be over-played. He has long been a foe of EMU. But his protest is unquestionably a warning shot for Angela Merkel’s political family.

Mr Gauweiler was made vice-chairman of Bavaria’s Social Christians (CSU) in 2013 for the express purpose of shoring up the party’s eurosceptic wing and heading off threats from the anti-euro Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD).

Yet if the EMU powers persist mechanically with their stale demands – even reverting to terms that the previous pro-EMU government in Athens rejected in December – they risk setting off a political chain-reaction that can only eviscerate the EU Project as a motivating ideology in Europe.

Jean-Claude Juncker, the European Commission’s chief, understands the risk perfectly, warning anybody who will listen that Grexit would lead to an “irreparable loss of global prestige for the whole EU” and crystallize Europe’s final fall from grace.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/comment/ambroseevans_pritchard/11510384/Greek-defiance-mounts-as-Alexis-Tsipras-turns-to-Russia-and-China.html

To continue reading: Greek defiance mounts

He Said That? 3/28/15

The days of the European Union as we know it are numbered. From Andrew Bosomworth, managing director of Pacific Investment Management Company, the world’s largest bond fund management company:

The lesson from history is that the status quo we have now is not a tenable structure. There’s no historical precedent that this sort of structure, which is centralised monetary policy, decentralised fiscal policy, can last over multiple decades.

[Persistently low growth] manifests itself in a lack of support in the common currency, so then it leads to the rise to power of political parties that want to end it.

That’s what we seen in the last few years. [Populist parties have] risen from zero to be a considerable force. In Greece’s case to form a government.

This means we’re in a critical situation, because you cannot just plaster over these people’s concerns, there needs to be a political response as well, which involves addressing the question: what is the ultimate future of the monetary union?

You need to reach some sort of political agreement about how to share fiscal resources around the zone. We’re a long, long, long way from designing that and getting the political backing for it.

So while you’re waiting for that and you’ve got low growth, and high unemployment, you run the risk of letting these anti-euro parties to the forefront.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/11501280/Eurozone-cant-survive-in-current-form-says-PIMCO.html

Anti-Value: Europe’s Rape of Savers, by Robert Gore

According to Bloomberg, $1.9 trillion worth of Euro-area bonds are trading at negative yields (“Euro-Area Negative-Yield Bond Universe Expands to $1.9 Trillion,” bloomberg.com). Purchasers of negative-yield bonds receive less money that what they put up; they are paying the issuer for the privilege of lending to it. Like some of the more bizarre aspects of quantum physics, negative interest rates will probably lead to not intuitively obvious, perhaps mind-bending, economic effects. On an easier to grasp level, they also represent yet another monstrous undermining of the ethical foundation of capitalism, and may come to symbolize the inflection point of Europe’s descent into an unrecognizable, dystopian hell of its own making.

When cave people first saved seeds rather than eating them, planted and later harvested them, they inaugurated not just agriculture, but capitalism. Seeds are capital—an excess of production over consumption that can be used for future production—and planting them implicitly incorporates the fundamental premises that make civilization possible. Planters have the self-restraint not to consume all that they have, and the foresight to make provision for the future. They are free enough from the threat of violence to believe that they will be around for the harvest and that the fruits of their labors will not be stolen from them. It is not surprising that early religions were based on planting and the harvest: the cycle leads not just to sustenance, but to an increase in wealth that enables learning, commerce, production of non-essential and luxury goods and services, the arts, and government. Civilization rests on the pillars of saving, investment, and production.

Negative interest rates are like a seed that develops into a weed, destroying part or all of the planter’s crop. No planter would knowingly plant such a seed. In modern finance, there is a theoretical possibility that creditors in a free market would accept negative interest rates if they were assured that rising real value of money (from the rising productivity of the economy) meant that a unit of money repaid would buy more than a unit of money originally lent. Europe is not within field goal range (or free kick range, because they play soccer) of being a free market; negative interest rates are the result of central bank intervention. Europe’s creditors have no assurance their loans will be repaid by euros with more purchasing power. Indeed, it is the stated goal of the European Central Bank to increase inflation and depreciate the euro. Those who consume less than they produce, to then be faced with the prospect of investing at negative rates, are being penalized for their virtue.

Honest savers flee such an arrangement, preferring to keep their savings in cash at zero interest (not surprisingly, there are proposals from thieves masquerading as economists to eliminate cash). Those who flock to it are debtors availing themselves of ultra-low or negative rates (getting paid to borrow—it’s almost as good as Midas’s touch) and speculators, who have been told by the ECB that it will buy their bonds, regardless of price. With out-of-thin-air money, the prices the central bank will pay for bonds—some issued by governments which already have one foot in the insolvency grave—virtually guarantee it losses. Negative sovereign debt interest rates have dragged down the curve for non-sovereign debt issuers as well, and opportunistic corporate borrowers are shoveling as much as they can into the market (Warren Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway is issuing its first eurobonds).

Speculation and debt are not essential for economic progress; savings are. Whatever the noble intent behind the European Union—if there was one—it has evolved into a bureaucratic monster that stifles and kills rather than promotes markets and production. Generating savings in Europe should be an easy matter. The continent has a well-educated, potentially productive population and world-class companies, and its common market, even as encumbered as it has become, is roughly the same size as the US market. Under the US defense umbrella, European nations spend much less than the US on defense, although they have devoted that saving to expansion of the welfare state rather than investment. It’s tempting to invoke a cliché and say that by assaulting saving, Europe is shooting itself in the foot, but that’s not correct. It’s shooting itself in the head. Destroying saving, the cradle of Western civilization is destroying itself as we now know it, leaving Eurocrats, fat cats, out-of-work youth, out-of-luck pensioners, crazies, lazies, grifters, drifters, dopers, mopers, latte-heads, pâté-heads, crooks, schnooks, hookers, and incoming Islamic hordes to one day scavenge the corpse.

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Interview With Vaclav Klaus: Our Freedom Is Endangered, by Claudio Grass

An interview with the former president of the Czech Republic, Václav Klaus, by Claudio Grass of Global Gold, on davidstockman’scontracorner.com:

Liberty …

… is a fundamental human right; it is the cornerstone of our existence. But liberty is under attack from all directions, whether through higher state control or individuals themselves. Liberty is in search for its protector.

We were given the opportunity to talk to a vanguard of liberty, former President of the Czech Republic, Prof. Ing. Václav Klaus. Mr. Klaus shares with us how he embraced the values of classic liberalism and free markets while growing up under communism and the challenges he faced. Of course, we were eager to hear his account on the peaceful split of Czechoslovakia which took place during his years as Prime Minister and also about the transition of the currency system, which was successfully initiated at the same time.

We were keen to find out his stance on the situation in Greece and if a potential exit of countries like Greece from the Euro zone would be really such a disaster. We are happy to share with you the thoughts and perspectives of a man who says about himself that he “never intended to be a politician or office-seeker”. His motivation was to establish the rules of a market economy after the fall of communism but he never wanted to plan its outcome. Mr. Klaus has valued and protected the ideas of liberty and freedom for many years to this day.

Claudio Grass, Global Gold: Mr. Klaus, it’s a great honor and pleasure to be here and have this opportunity to interview one of the key shapers of the Czech Republic as it is today. The first time I actually saw you speak in person was at the “Gottfried von Haberler-Conference” last year, where you rightfully criticized a Canadian politician or diplomat after his speech due to his strong pro-government position, which you disproved using classical liberal arguments.

Can you tell us how you came in contact with classic liberalism and when you became a proponent of the free market and the Austrian School of Economics, especially as you were living under communism. I expect that literature was not widely available. Could you please elaborate on that?

Václav Klaus: The reason why I started following the concept of the free market was, I would say, communism. The system was irrational and based on something else, on the opposite of free markets, freedom and pluralistic democracy. So, it was relatively easy to see that attempts to mastermind the economy from above were basically wrong. I was helped by very carefully studying economic science.

The Austrian School of Economics, the Chicago School of Economics and public choice school gave me more arguments than other schools of economic thought. I had the chance in the 1960s to work in the Czechoslovakian Academy of Science, in the Institution of Economics, where I was supposed to study and criticize non-Marxist economic theories because that was the objective at the time. So I used the time to study non-Marxist economics but didn’t criticize it. On the contrary, I accepted it fully.

http://davidstockmanscontracorner.com/interview-with-vaclav-klaus-our-freedom-is-endangered/

To continue reading: Interview With Václav Klaus

ECB Financial Repression Is Not Helping: Nominal GDP Close To Flatline In Q4, by Jeffrey P. Snider

From Jeffrey P. Snider, at davidstockmanscontracorner.com:

There has been a lot made of the fact that European GDP wasn’t worse in Q4, especially as Germany rallied to the continent’s economic defense. While initially the reactions were unabashedly positive, I think reality set in more so later after fuller digestion. In other words, everything we thought about Europe before today is still a problem, only that Germany pulled forward or “borrowed” some “demand” from Q1.

In any case, though Eurostat hasn’t updated its full database yet (this was the “flash” GDP reading, after all), Q4 was undoubtedly “aided” by Europe’s descent into “deflation.” The only question remains to what degree has nominal GDP degraded over previous quarters. Like Japan’s three decade journey, there is nothing about a negative calculated inflation rate that “helps” an economy – only the simple math of how GDP is constructed.

So even in real terms there is nothing to be excited about, only that the stunted nature of 2013’s “recovery” from the prior “recovery” isn’t yet worse. Until we get the fuller updates from Eurostat, we again don’t yet know what GDP looked like in nominal terms, but given the HICP inflation figures for the last three months of 2014 we have a good idea.

http://davidstockmanscontracorner.com/ecb-financial-repression-is-not-helping-nominal-gdp-close-to-flatline-in-q4/

To continue reading: ECB Financial Repression Is Not Helping